Comparative electron microscopy particle sizing of TiO₂ pigments: sample preparation and measurement

• Ralf Theissmann,
• Christopher Drury,
• Markus Rohe,
• Thomas Koch,
• Jochen Winkler and
• Petr Pikal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 317–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.29

• ; particle sizing; primary particles; Introduction Following the EU definition of nanomaterials as being materials in which more than 50% by number of their primary particles have at least one dimension smaller than 100 nm [1][2], the accurate measurement of particle size distributions (PSDs) has become

• Technical Report [13]; EM particle size measurements are covered in OECD guidelines [14] as well as in ISO standards [ISO/TS 19749 (published 07/21) and ISO/TS 21363:2020 (published 11/21)]. The key to any visual EM particle sizing method is to take random images of the sample, to evaluate all measurable

Hyperthermic intracavitary nanoaerosol therapy (HINAT) as an improved approach for pressurised intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC): Technical description, experimental validation and first proof of concept

• Daniel Göhler,
• Stephan Große,
• Alexander Bellendorf,
• Thomas Albert Falkenstein,
• Mehdi Ouaissi,
• Jürgen Zieren,
• Michael Stintz and
• Urs Giger-Pabst

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2729–2740, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.272

• bipolar neutraliser (model 3077A, TSI Inc., Shoreview, USA) to improve the charge conditions for analyses. The operated aerosol-analytic instruments received the aerosol samples through a flow splitter. A scanning mobility particle sizing system (SMPS, model 3938, TSI Inc., Shoreview, USA) for

Synthesis and characterization of noble metal–titania core–shell nanostructures with tunable shell thickness

• Bartosz Bartosewicz,
• Marta Michalska-Domańska,
• Malwina Liszewska,
• Dariusz Zasada and
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2083–2093, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.208

• resolution of this technique. Recently, it has been demonstrated that of the various particle sizing techniques, two of them (differential centrifugal sedimentation (DCS) and tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS) [58][59]) are capable of achieving resolution similar to the TEM technique. Both techniques

Influence of stabilising agents and pH on the size of SnO₂ nanoparticles

• Olga Rac,
• Patrycja Suchorska-Woźniak,
• Marta Fiedot and
• Helena Teterycz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2192–2201, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.228

• . Dynamic light scattering (DLS): The diameter distribution of the resulting nanoparticles was determined by DLS. The studies were performed using a Nicomp 380ZLS Particle Sizing System with an excitation wavelength of 532 nm at 50 mW. The frequency of the photon counting was fixed at about 200 kHz, and

A reproducible number-based sizing method for pigment-grade titanium dioxide

• Ralf Theissmann,
• Manfred Kluwig and
• Thomas Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1815–1822, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.192

• based on the evaluation of projections or slices contain systematic deviations [15][16][17][18]. As for every particle sizing method, besides the physical principles applied, the decision as to how to measure the particle size and its distribution is somewhat arbitrary and generally restricted by

• the anatase pigment, lower standard errors are found for the minimum Feret diameter. This is attributed to a less regular shape as a consequence of the production process. The data prove that the method presented for primary particle sizing of pigmentary titanium dioxide is highly robust and